School
Scholasticism
Scholasticism is the method of medieval university philosophy and theology that used logic and authoritative texts to bring reason and faith together.
It developed in the cathedral schools and new universities of Europe from the eleventh century to the fifteenth. Anselm formulated the ontological argument, Thomas Aquinas joined Aristotle to Christian doctrine, and Duns Scotus and William of Ockham debated universals and divine freedom. Its methods continued in the second scholasticism of sixteenth-century Spain. On this site scholastic answers appear on war and political violence (3.3.5), universals, natural theology, the first cause, mind, reason and intuition, and duty.
Thinkers of this school
Guide: Schools of Philosophy: The Main -isms and the Questions They Answer
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Reading group: Anselm’s Proslogion 2–4, with Gaunilo’s reply and Anselm’s answer
I am a philosophy and theology student and I have heard the ontological argument "refuted" in three different modules without ever reading it properly. Proposal: we read it slowly, together with the objection that came immediately and Anselm's own answer to it.…
Started by Aoife Kilbride6 replies -
Reading group: Porphyry’s Isagoge and the three questions he refused to answer
Porphyry wrote the Isagoge, a short "Introduction" to Aristotle's Categories, in the late third century. In the opening lines he raises three questions about genera and species, and then declines to answer them because they need a deeper inquiry: Do they subsist,…
Started by Siobhán Keane6 replies -
Reading group: Vitoria’s lectures On the American Indians and On the Law of War
Francisco de Vitoria gave his relectiones at Salamanca in the 1530s. Two of them, usually known as On the American Indians and On the Law of War, both from 1539, are where a Dominican theologian asked whether his own crown's conquest in…
Started by Valentina Ríos4 replies