Skip to content
Coordinates of ThoughtHome of Philosophy
Join
Question · Explain Newcomer-friendly

My daughter heard the story of the prince who fed himself to a starving tigress. Was that wise, or only sad?

Its coordinates: 3.2 Normative Ethics · 3.2.1 Consequence-Based Approaches · 3.2.2 Duty-Based Approaches +3 more

On poya day at our temple the monk told the children the story of the prince who sees a tigress so weak from hunger that she is about to eat her own cubs. He lies down in front of her and gives his body so that she and the cubs can live. The monk said this was the perfection of giving.

In the three-wheeler going home my daughter was quiet, then she asked: "But now the tigress is strong, and she will eat other animals. And his mother and father lost their son. How do we know it was good?"

I did not know what to say. I said that the Buddha teaches us to look at the intention. She said: "Then why does the story tell us that the cubs lived?"

So I bring her question here. When Buddhist teachers praise an act like this, are they counting the lives saved, or praising the heart that gives, whatever happens after? Or is the story not meant to be copied at all?

LikeAnswerSaveFollow3 answers

Join the conversation: members reply here, and joining is free. Reading is always free.

Join free to reply Sign in

3 answers

  1. Nirmala Jayasekara

    Fellow

    A small fact first, because your daughter will enjoy it: the tigress story is not in our Pali Jātaka collection. It is the first story in Āryaśūra's Sanskrit Jātakamālā and appears in the Golden Light Sutra, which is why it is loved more in the Mahāyāna countries than in ours.

    Now her question. Scholars actually argue about this. Damien Keown reads Buddhist ethics as closest to virtue ethics: the act is good because of the generosity and compassion it expresses. Charles Goodman has argued that much Mahāyāna ethics is better read as consequentialist, aimed at reducing suffering overall. The tigress story suits both, which is probably why it has lasted.

    I would tell her: the story is not an instruction. It shows how far compassion can go, so that we are ashamed of how short ours stops.

  2. Rin Matsuda

    Fellow

    At Hōryū-ji in Nara there is a small shrine, the Tamamushi Shrine, with this story painted on one of its panels. The prince appears three times in the same picture: taking off his robe on the cliff, falling, and lying under the tigers. I have copied it for a picture book draft.

    What strikes me as an illustrator is that the painter shows no tigers eating anyone afterwards, and no grieving parents. The picture stops at the gift. Your daughter is asking what happens outside the frame, which is exactly what a good reader does.

  3. Nuwan Perera

    Contributor

    Thank you both. I told her that the story stops at the gift, as Rin says, and that she was right to look outside it. She said that next poya day she will ask the monk about the parents. I think I am in trouble.